10463587 MAP kinase (MAPK/ERK) phosphorylates Elk-1, which is part of the ternary complex factor that binds to the serum response element in the fos promotor; JNK phosphorylates c-Jun, Elk-1, and ATF-2; and p38 kinase phosphorylates both ternary-complex-factor /Elk-1 and ATF-2.
11520792 (CellType: monocyte) TCFs, such as Elk-1, Sap-1, and Fli-1, are targets of the MAPK pathway. 36 , 37 Our data indicated that phosphorylation of Elk-1 by the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway induces Egr-1 expression in LPS-stimulated monocytes and subsequent TF gene expression.
11812784 (Organ: renal, Tissue: stroma, CellType: b cell, CellLineName: JEG3) Activated ERK1/2 phosphorylated Elk-1, which involves in the induction of the growth-related genes, suggesting that stimulative effects of low-dose irradiation were mediated by ERK1/2 activation.
11090049 (Organ: umbilical vein, Tissue: smooth muscle, CellType: fibroblast) Therefore, it has been proposed that Elk1-dependent gene activation can occur independently of SRE/SRF if it can bind to the promoter efficiently. 50 This proposition is supported by the finding that the phosphorylation of Elk1 by ERK2 increases its ability to bind to DNA without interacting with SRF 54 , 55 and by the fact that Elk1 binding is facilitated in transfection experiments with a reporter gene containing multiple high-affinity Elk1 binding sites 40 , 56 or phosphorylation in its C-terminus. 55 , 57 Even though the 9E3/cCAF promoter does not contain an SRE, Elk1 binds to the Elk1 elements and activates transcription, suggesting that thrombin-induced Elk1 activation does not require cooperation with SRF.