SPARQL | HTML5 RDFa and Microdata document
https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000641 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00119 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/10714 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/50484 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54107 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5424 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5425 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5426 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5427 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/56655 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/57804 https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:45212 https://identifiers.org/ec-code/151531 https://identifiers.org/ec-code/2.7.4.6 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000012 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000089 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000095 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000262 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000273 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000296 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000300 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0001096 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0003349 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00039 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00046 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00063 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00075 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00112 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00239 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00295 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00363 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00429 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00459 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00460 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00705 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00881 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C01103 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C01205 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C01346 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C02642 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C06198 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C21028 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C21029 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/10201 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/10621 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/10622 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/10623 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/11128 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/129607 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/139596 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1503 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1633 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1635 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/171568 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1723 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1806 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1807 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1841 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1854 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/1890 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/221830 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/23649 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/246721 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/25885 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/29922 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/30833 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/30834 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/4830 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/4831 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/4832 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/4833 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/51082 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5169 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/51727 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/51728 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/51733 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5422 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5430 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5431 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5432 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5433 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5434 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5436 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5437 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5438 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5439 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5440 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5441 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/548644 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/54963 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5557 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5558 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/55703 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/55718 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/56474 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/56953 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/6240 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/64425 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/654364 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/661 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7083 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7084 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7371 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7372 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7378 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/790 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/79077 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/83549 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/84172 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/84265 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/87178 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/953 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/9533 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/956 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/978 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_000261 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001028285 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001138600 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001152 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001153244 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001238 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001239 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001240 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001376 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_001767 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_002517 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_004892 https://identifiers.org/ncbiprotein/NP_149100 https://identifiers.org/pubchem.compound/439287 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000056 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000288 https://identifiers.org/hmdb/HMDB0000828 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00015 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00364 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00365 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/6241 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/7298 https://identifiers.org/wikipathways/WP4022 https://identifiers.org/kegg.compound/C00458 https://identifiers.org/ncbigene/5167 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/a1f5b http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/a5558 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/a7a43 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/a86aa http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/aaa95 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/aada6 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/aae8a http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ac0f1 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ac54b http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/acae6 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/aeeca http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/af67f http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/b1f11 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/b27d0 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/b2fbc http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/b436e http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/b481a http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/b4cfb http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/b9a95 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/bae0c http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/bcacd http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/bcfba http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/bef68 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c1a6f http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c1d5b http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c270d http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c2979 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c4370 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c6461 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c6946 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c8e23 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/c95d4 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/cb187 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/cb9f4 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/cbbde http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/cc08c http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/cc884 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/cca33 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ce038 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ce57f http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ceae7 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/d0cb5 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/d4716 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/d58a5 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/d809c http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/d9728 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/d9869 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/d99cd http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/dbcac http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/de1a8 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/df3fc http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/df782 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e0598 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e0681 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e1898 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e3572 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e5195 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e5c64 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e68f9 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e6adc http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/e6e47 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ec14f http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ed291 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ed3a2 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ee04b http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/eedc8 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/efb33 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f1828 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f1f78 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f1fb2 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f2910 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f2c47 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f42e6 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f4b74 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f645e http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f676d http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f6bd4 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f6f0d http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f7270 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f976e http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f9892 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/f9d6f http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/faa03 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/fdb49 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/fdda2 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/fe592 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ff3e2 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/fff4b http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id1019d33b http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id109d5d67 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id37d6fd2a http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id3f2e3852 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id5f7c2158 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id66e2360e http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id67a61917 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id6f004280 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id7bedb6c0 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id7c1c29fd http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id80c45621 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id91c6d1aa http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/id93aa65f9 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idad673158 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idb4e86ee http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idbe7fee1 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idc6385ce2 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idc94fc774 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/ide7df8c76 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idf123377b http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idf63600c8 http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149/WP/Interaction/idfbe5de85 https://identifiers.org/pubmed/5323048 https://identifiers.org/wikipathways/WP4022_r136149
http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type
http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Collection
http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#Pathway
http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#isAbout
http://rdf.wikipathways.org/Pathway/WP4022_r136149
http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#ontologyTag
http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#Curation:AnalysisCollection
http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#Curation:MetaKids
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000032
http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#organism
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606
http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#organismName http://vocabularies.wikipathways.org/wp#pathwayOntologyTag
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000032
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/img
https://www.wikipathways.org//wpi/wpi.php?action=downloadFile&type=png&pwTitle=Pathway:WP4022&oldid=136149
https://www.wikipathways.org//wpi/wpi.php?action=downloadFile&type=svg&pwTitle=Pathway:WP4022&oldid=136149
http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/page
http://www.wikipathways.org/instance/WP4022_r136149
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/identifier
https://identifiers.org/wikipathways/WP4022
http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/source http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title http://purl.org/dc/terms/description
Pyrimidines are nucleic acids and the products of pyrimidine degradation are water-soluble. The pyrimidine ring is synthesized before it is conjugated to PRPP. The first reaction is the conjugation of carbamoyl phosphate and aspartate to make N-carbamoylaspartate. The carbamoyl phosphate synthetase used in pyrimidine biosynthesis is located in the cytoplasm. The enzyme that carries out the reaction is aspartate transcarbamoylase, an enzyme that is closely regulated. The second reaction is ring closure to form dihydroorotic acid by the enzyme dihydroorotase. This circular product contains a 6-membered ring with nitrogen and carbons located in the same positions as in the mature pyrimidine ring. The third reaction is the oxidation of the ring to form a carbon- carbon bond. The reducing equivalents are transferred to a flavin cofactor of the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. The product is orotic acid. Fourth, the orotate ring is transferred to phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) to form a 5-ribose-phosphate, orotidylic acid. Finally orotidylate is decarboxylated to yield UMP, which of course contains one of the bases of RNA. Cellular kinases convert UMP to UTP. Transfer of an amido nitrogen from glutamine by CTP synthetase converts UTP to CTP; this reaction uses an ATP high-energy phosphate. Pyrimidine synthesis is controlled at the first committed step. ATP stimulates the aspartate transcarbamoylase reaction, while CTP inhibits it. CTP is a feedback inhibitor of the pathway, and ATP is a feed-forward activator. This regulation ensures that a balanced supply of purines and pyrimidines exists for RNA and synthesis.
Eukaryotic organisms contain a multifunctional enzyme with carbamoylphosphate synthetase, aspartate transcarbamoylase, and dihydroorotase activities. Two mechanisms control this enzyme. First, control at the level of enzyme synthesis exists; the transcription of the gene for the enzyme is reduced if an excess of pyrimidines is present. Secondly, control exists at the level of feedback inhibition by pyrimidine nucleotides. This enzyme is also an example of the phenomenon of metabolic channeling: aspartate, ammonia, and carbon dioxide enter the enzyme and come out as orotic acid
Description text is based on [https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/biology/biochemistry-ii/purines-and-pyrimidines/pyrimidine-metabolism Cliff's Notes].
Pathway is based on [https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?pathway+map00240 KEGG]
Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP4022 CPTAC Assay Portal]
http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier http://purl.org/dc/terms/references
https://identifiers.org/pubmed/5323048
http://purl.org/spar/cito/cites
https://identifiers.org/pubmed/5323048